A Generalization of Resource - Bounded Measure , With Application to theBPP vs

We introduce resource-bounded betting games, and propose a generalization of Lutz's resourcebounded measure in which the choice of next string to bet on is fully adaptive. Lutz's martingales are equivalent to betting games constrained to bet on strings in lexicographic order. We show that if strong pseudo-random number generators exist, then betting games are equivalent to martingales, for measure on E and EXP. However, we construct betting games that succeed on certain classes whose Lutz measures are important open problems: the class of polynomial-time Turing-complete languages in EXP, and its superclass of polynomial-time Turing-autoreducible languages. If an EXP-martingale succeeds on either of these classes, or if betting games have the \ nite union property" possessed by Lutz's measure, one obtains the non-relativizable consequence BPP 6= EXP. We also show that if EXP 6= MA, then the polynomial-time truth-table-autoreducible languages have Lutz measure zero, whereas if EXP = BPP, they have measure one.